DISCUSSION
The management of paradoxical reaction should be done in a systematic manner. The procedure is stopped. Calm reassurance of the patient is initiated. If the patient is disinhibited, aggressive, and agitated, a diagnosis of paradoxical reaction should be considered. Administration of oxygen should be continued to avoid hypoxia. Flumazenil should be given as soon as [...]
In: Main
14 Dec 2009Case 1
A 65-kg, 19-year-old African-American female presented in 1999. The patient had no significant medical or surgical history. Removal of symptomatic mandibular third molars was recommended. The patient was apprehensive regarding the extractions and requested sedation for the extraction of teeth nos. 1, 16, 17, and 32. The following week, the patient presented with her [...]
In: Main
13 Dec 2009Since the discovery of the anesthetic properties of nitrous oxide by Horace Wells in 1844, the availability of anesthetic agents has considerably increased. The newer synthesized drugs have proved advantageous over the older agents. Benzodiazepines are used for their sedative, anxiolytic, amnesic, anticonvulsant drug, and muscle relaxant properties; however, they are associated with rare adverse [...]
In: Anesthesia
16 Sep 2009An outline of the patients and their preoperative data, preoperative complications, and surgical procedure are given in Table 1. The EMG input and impedance were significantly higher in the IVS group (EMG, 40.3 ± 8.8 dB; impedance, 8032 ± 1237ft; n = 7) than the GA group (EMG, 31.5 ± 9.5 dB; impedance, 4021 ± [...]
In: Anesthesia
16 Sep 2009The benefits of bispectral index monitoring include improvement in regulation of anesthesia and reduction of anesthetic dose. We have described the usefulness of bispectral index monitoring in oral surgery under general anesthesia. The aim of the present study was to investigate the benefits of bispectral index monitoring for intravenous sedation during dental treatment. Since the [...]
In: Anesthesia
16 Sep 2009We randomly recruited 14 patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists’ classification I and II about to undergo oral surgery or dental treatment requiring less than 5 hours under general anesthesia (GA group, n = 7) or intravenous sedation (IVS group, n = 7) at the Nihon University School of Dentistry Hospital in Japan. Approval was [...]
In: Anesthesia
16 Sep 2009The benefits of bispectral index monitoring include improvement in regulation of anesthesia and reduction in anesthetic dose. We previously described the usefulness of bispectral index monitoring in oral surgery with the patients under general anesthesia. Our previous studies showed that the percentage of good electroencephalograms (EEGs) in oral surgery with patients under general anesthesia with [...]
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