Identifying and Treating Patients at Risk
In: Main
26 Jun 2010
Introduction
Between 10% and 15% of older Americans use a prescription nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) at least once daily. In addition, it is estimated that the use of over-the-counter nonprescription NSAIDs, which include aspirin, may be five to seven times greater than for prescribed NSAIDs. Numerous studies have confirmed that NSAIDs are clinically effective analgesic agents and that, when given specifically in the form of cardioprotective doses of aspirin (75-325 mg/day), they significantly reduce the risk for cardiovascular events. Although NSAIDs do not differ significantly in terms of their ability to relieve pain, they do differ in their side-effect profiles, which are probably related to their mechanism of action.
Adefovir Dipivoxil: ADVERSE REACTIONS
In: Main
25 Jun 2010Table 5 lists all treatment-related clinical adverse events that occurred in 3% or more of the Hepsera™-treated patients compared with those receiving placebo. Increased asthenia, headache, and abdominal pain are the most frequently reported adverse events, followed by nausea and flatulence. Two other less commonly reported side effects are diarrhea and dyspepsia.
Adefovir Dipivoxil: PHARMACOKINETICS
In: Main
24 Jun 2010
From a 10-mg single dose of Hep-sera™, the approximate bioavailability of adefovir is 59%. After oral administration of a 10-mg single dose of Hepsera™ to patients with chronic hepatitis B, the peak adefovir plasma concentration has been 18.4 + 6.26 ng/ml, occurring between 0.58 and 4.00 hours after a dose. The adefovir area under the plasma concentration-time curve is 220 + 70.0 ng • hour/ml. Plasma adefovir concentrations decline in a biexponential manner, with a terminal elimination half-life of 7.48 + 1.65 hours.
Adefovir Dipivoxil
In: Main
23 Jun 2010INTRODUCTION
The leading cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma around the world is chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Approximately 10% of patients who carry the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the U.S. are co-infected with HBV and face decreased survival rates. Worldwide, 400 million people are chronically infected with hepatitis B.
The Medicare Mess and Congressional Chaos
In: Main
20 Jun 2010
Don’t assume for a second that Republican control of the House, Senate, and White House ensures passage of the Bush Medicare drug benefit, or any other benefit for that matter, in 2003. Although Republican leaders on Capitol Hill gave President Bush’s hazy, early March drug proposal polite applause, you didn’t need special, Pentagon-issue night-vision goggles to read between the lines of their press releases and comments to the press. It was quite clear that the President faces as much trouble from the Republicans as he does from the Democrats.
Aripiprazole: PHARMACOKINETICS
In: Drug
19 Jun 2010date, no therapeutic drug concentrations of aripiprazole have been established. Although quantitative data are limited with respect to the drug’s bio-availability, Yokoi et al. reported that administration of tablet aripiprazole for 14 days in 15 males, in doses of 0.5, 1, 2, 10, and 30 mg/day, resulted in dose-dependent receptor occupancy between 40% and 95%. The investigators found that it was possible to obtain an adequate occupancy and that the data might be useful at predicting appropriate therapeutic doses.
Aripiprazole: ADVERSE REACTIONS
In: Drug
18 Jun 2010Although minimal side effects from aripiprazole table have been reported, complete clinical data have not yet been established. In a 52-week study reported by Bristol-Myers Squibb, 1,294 patients with schizophrenia were evaluated to establish efficacy, safety, and tolerabil-ity. Patients taking aripiprazole experienced significantly fewer extrapyramidal symptoms than patients taking haloperi-dol. The most commonly reported adverse drug events associated with arip-iprazole in this study were insomnia, psychosis, anxiety, and akathisia. The incidence of insomnia, psychosis, and anxiety was similar to that with haloperi-dol, whereas the incidence of akathisia was considerably less with aripiprazole than with haloperidol (P < .001).
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Blog invites submissions of review articles, reports on clinical techniques, case reports, conference summaries, and articles of opinion pertinent to the control of pain and anxiety in dentistry.
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