The most common untoward effect elicited by propofol is pain on injection. This is observed in 31% of patients when using the dorsum of the hand and 8% when accessing the vein in the anticubital fossa. Means of alleviating this discomfort include injecting intravenously 10 mg of 1% lidocaine 10 seconds before propofol delivery or [...]

The effective induction dose of 1% propofol in healthy nonpremedicated adults is 2-2.5 mgAg IV. For individuals over 60, 1.5 mgAg is generally adequate. This induction dose is also reduced by premedication with benzodiazepines or opioids. In children, the dose requirement is increased by 1.5 times due to the shorter elimination half-life in the pediatric [...]

The most clinically significant pharmacodynamic properties of propofol deal with the neurologic, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems. Propofol produces rapid hypnosis and has synergistic activity when administered concurrently with barbiturates, benzodiazepines, and opioids. Hypnosis is induced by the action of propofol on the alpha subunit of the 7-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor in the brain. Anticonvulsant activity [...]

Propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol) is a sterically hindered alkyl phenol derivative that is structurally unrelated to other sedative hypnotic agents. Since its introduction in 1985, propofol has proven to be useful in numerous clinical situations. Examples for the application of propofol include cardiovascular, ophthalmologic, and neurosurgical procedures as well as a variety of outpatient surgeries. Propofol has [...]