The long list of algogenic substances and complex neu-roanatomical modulating systems indicate that there are diverse therapeutic possibilities for control of the transmission of nociceptive information to the brain. Generally, management of postoperative pain can be accomplished through the following mechanisms:
1. Pharmacological
• preventing nociceptive input at the site of injury;
• blocking the nociceptive impulse along the peripheral [...]

A surgical procedure activates the inflammatory process, which is a complex series of biochemical and cellular events involving a variety of inflammatory mediators and algogenic substances. These have vascular and neural effects. The vascular effects are vasodilatation and an increased vascular permeability causing edema/ swelling. The neural effects involve either activating or sensitizing nociceptors and [...]